Mortgage Navigator • Conventional • Assets & Reserves

Reserve requirements

Reserves are assets left after closing—not the money being spent to close.

Fannie definition

Fannie defines reserves as liquid or near-liquid assets available to the borrower after closing. Funds needed for down payment, closing costs and other required uses are subtracted before reserves are measured.

Common acceptable reserve sources

Examples include checking/savings, publicly traded investments, vested retirement funds and vested life-insurance cash value.

Common exclusions

Fannie does not count non-vested funds, unsecured personal loans, IPCs, lender contributions, rent-back credits or cash-out proceeds from the subject cash-out refinance as reserves.

Agency Difference: DU and LPA can require different reserve amounts based on the risk profile. Always follow the AUS and the selected agency's minimums.
Could the other agency solve this? Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are not identical. If this scenario fails under one agency, compare the other agency's current rule and AUS result before assuming conventional financing is unavailable. A lender overlay is also different from an agency prohibition.

Official guide baseline

Fannie Mae Selling Guide · Freddie Mac Seller/Servicer Guide

Asset eligibility depends on ownership, accessibility, documentation and how the funds are being used.